Glossary of religious and spiritual terms
(Starting with "V")
By
Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance,
Toronto, Canada
http://www.religioustolerance.org/glossary.htm
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Vajrayana
(a.k.a. Tantric Buddhism, Mantrayana, Tantrayana,
Esoteric Buddhism, or True Words Sect: A Sanskrit
term meaning "Diamond Vehicle." A style
of Buddhism designed to help a person attain enlightenment
quickly -- generally within a single lifetime.
It forms part of Mahayana Buddhism but is sometimes
referred to as a third Buddhist path, along with
the Theravada and Mahayana schools of Buddhism. |
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Vatican
Council: The first Vatican Council of the
Roman Catholic Church was held on 1869 and 1879.
its most famous achievement was to declare that
some proclamations by the pope on faith and morals
are infallible. The second Vatican Council was
held on 1962 to 1965, and introduced many liberalizing
reforms, although it did not change any fundamental
beliefs. |
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Vedas:
A group of writings which form the oldest of Hinduism's
sacred scriptures. |
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Venial
sin: Within the Roman Catholic church, a minor
transgression against God, the church or another
human. The consequences of a venial sin can be
compensated for through good works. |
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Virgin
birth: The belief, as stated in the Gospels
of Luke and Matthew, that Mary was a virgin when
she conceived Jesus as a result of the intervention
of the Holy Spirit. A common belief among Mormons
was that God the Father came to earth and engaged
in sexual intercourse with Mary. However, this
teaching was never declared part of Mormon doctrine
by the church. The Roman Catholic church teaches
that Mary remained a virgin for the rest of her
life, and had no more children. |
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Vishnu:
One of the Gods in the Hindu trinity; the others
are Brahma and Shiva. Krishna is one of eight
or nine earthly incarnations of Vishnu. There
are many points of similarity between the life
of Krishna and Jesus. Some have speculated that
many events in Jesus' life are mythical in nature,
and were copied from Hinduism. |
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Vision
quest: This is an attempt to make contact
with a spirit in order to acquire supernatural
powers or protection. It is usually restricted
to male youth. They undergo rigorous physical
challenges such as exposure to the elements and
fasting in order to attain their vision. Quests
are common throughout many Aboriginal cultures. |
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Vodun:
A a benign religion which combines elements of
African Native spirituality and Roman Catholicism.
This religion is probably the most highly misrepresented
religion in the world. |
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Voluntarism:
The concept that belief is a matter of the will. |
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Voodoo:
A popular name for a Hollywood-created, imaginary
religion patterned partly on the religion of Vodun. |
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Vulgate:
Latin for "common." Jerome's (circa
342-420 CE) translation
of the Bible from the original Hebrew, Aramaic
and Greek into Latin. |
References:
- "On the theory of Jewish Universalism," at:
http://www.convert.org/book1.htm#1a
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